Genomic Testing (GT)

Definition

Genomic testing (GT) is a comprehensive analysis of an individual’s genome to identify genetic variations that may influence health, disease risk, and treatment responses. It is particularly significant in oncology, where it examines solid organ tumor DNA to understand mutations that drive cancer growth and inform personalized treatment strategies.

Key Aspects

Types of Genomic Tests:

• Whole Genome Sequencing: Analyzes the complete DNA sequence of an individual.
• Exome Sequencing: Focuses on the coding regions of genes.
• Gene Panel Testing: Examines specific genes associated with particular conditions.

Applications:

• Blood cancer and solid organ tumor Treatment: Identifies mutations for targeted therapies.
• Risk Assessment: Evaluates inherited mutations that may increase cancer risk.
• Personalized Medicine: Tailors treatment plans based on genetic profiles.

Differences from Genetic Testing:

Genetic testing typically examines specific genes for inherited mutations, while genomic testing analyzes broader genetic information across multiple genes simultaneously.

Conclusion

Genomic testing is pivotal in modern medicine, especially in oncology, enabling more effective and personalized treatment approaches by understanding the genetic basis of diseases.

References

American Cancer Society. (n.d.). Cancer-related Genomic Testing and Genetic Testing. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-03009-0