Echocardiogram

Overview of Echocardiogram

An echocardiogram (often called an “echo”) is a non-invasive ultrasound test that uses high-frequency sound waves to create images of the heart’s structure and function. It helps diagnose and monitor various heart conditions by providing real-time visualizations of the heart’s chambers, valves, and blood flow.

Types of Echocardiograms

1. Transthoracic Echocardiogram (TTE): The most common type, performed by placing a transducer on the chest to capture images.
2. Transesophageal Echocardiogram (TEE): Involves inserting a probe down the throat for clearer images, especially useful for assessing heart valves.
3. Stress Echocardiogram: Combines echocardiography with exercise or medication to evaluate heart function under stress.
4. 3D Echocardiogram: Provides detailed three-dimensional images for more accurate assessments.

Procedure

During the test:

• Patients typically undress from the waist up and lie on an examination table.
• Electrodes are attached to monitor heart rhythm.
• A gel is applied to the skin, and a transducer is moved over the chest to capture images.

Indications

Echocardiograms are used to diagnose conditions such as:

• Heart failure
• Valve disorders
• Congenital heart defects
• Cardiomyopathy
• Pericardial effusion

Conclusion

Echocardiograms are essential tools in cardiology, providing critical insights into heart health without exposure to radiation.

References

Healthline. (n.d.). Echocardiogram: What Is It, Types, Preparation, and More. Retrieved from https://www.healthline.com/health/echocardiogram

WebMD. (n.d.). What to Expect During an Echocardiogram. Retrieved from https://www.webmd.com/heart-disease/diagnosing-echocardiogram

NHS. (n.d.). Echocardiogram. Retrieved from https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/echocardiogram/