Electrocardiogram (ECG/EKG)

Overview of Electrocardiogram (ECG/EKG)

An electrocardiogram (ECG/EKG) is a quick, non-invasive test that records the electrical activity of the heart. It helps assess heart rate, rhythm, and electrical conduction, providing critical information for diagnosing various heart conditions.

How It Works

• Measurement: Electrodes are placed on the skin of the chest, arms, and legs to detect electrical impulses generated by the heart. These signals are then displayed as a graph.
• Components: The ECG graph includes distinct waves:
• P wave: Atrial contraction.
• QRS complex: Ventricular contraction.
• T wave: Ventricular relaxation.

Types of ECG Tests

1. Resting ECG: Conducted while lying still to measure baseline heart activity.
2. Exercise ECG (Stress Test): Monitors heart activity during physical exertion, typically on a treadmill.
3. Holter Monitor: A portable ECG device worn for 24-48 hours to capture continuous heart activity.

Purpose and Benefits

ECGs are used to:

• Diagnose heart attacks and arrhythmias.
• Monitor heart conditions and treatment effectiveness.
• Evaluate symptoms like chest pain or shortness of breath.

Conclusion

The ECG is a fundamental tool in cardiology, providing essential insights into heart health and guiding further diagnostic and therapeutic decisions.

References

InformedHealth.org. (2023). In brief: What is an electrocardiogram (ECG)? Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK536878/

Mayo Clinic. (n.d.). Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG). Retrieved from https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/ekg/about/pac-20384983

WebMD. (n.d.). Electrocardiogram (EKG or ECG) Tests: Purpose & Types. Retrieved from https://www.webmd.com/heart-disease/electrocardiogram-ekgs