Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA)
Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA) is a non-invasive diagnostic imaging technique that combines computed tomography (CT) scanning with the injection of a contrast material to produce detailed, three-dimensional images of blood vessels
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![Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA) is a non-invasive diagnostic imaging technique that combines computed tomography (CT) scanning with the injection of a contrast material to produce detailed, three-dimensional images of blood vessels and surrounding tissues[1][6]. This procedure is invaluable in the evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment planning of various vascular conditions throughout the body[1][2]. CTA can visualize arteries and veins to detect blockages, aneurysms (dilations of vessel walls), dissections (tearing of vessel walls), and stenosis (narrowing of vessels)[2].](https://cdn.drstemcellsthailand.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/image-41.png)


![A muscle biopsy is a diagnostic procedure that involves the removal of a small piece of muscle tissue for microscopic examination[3]. It is a valuable tool for diagnosing various neuromuscular disorders, including muscular dystrophy, inflammatory myopathies, metabolic myopathies, and other conditions affecting muscle function[6][4]. The choice of muscle for biopsy depends on the suspected condition and the location of symptoms, but common sites include the biceps (upper arm), deltoid (shoulder), or quadriceps (thigh)[4].](https://cdn.drstemcellsthailand.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/image-35.png)





